Measure cash generated after capital expenditures — the amount available to pay down debt, fund dividends, or reinvest for growth.
Cash generated from core business operations
Investments in property, plant, and equipment
Positive for increase, negative for decrease in working capital
Free Cash Flow
FCF Margin
Operating CF
CapEx Ratio
Positive FCF: Company generates more cash than it spends on operations and investments, indicating financial health.
Negative FCF: May indicate heavy investment period or operational challenges. Context matters.
FCF Margin: Higher margins indicate efficient cash generation relative to operations.
Uses: Debt repayment, dividends, share buybacks, acquisitions, or building cash reserves.
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